Bow Leg & Knock Knee

What is Bow Leg & Knock Knee?

→ Bow leg and knock knee are deformities of the lower limbs affecting the alignment of the knees and legs. In bow leg (genu varum), the knees stay apart while the ankles come together, giving a bowed appearance. In knock knee (genu valgum), the knees come together while the ankles remain apart. These conditions can affect posture, walking pattern, and in severe cases may lead to joint problems.

Causes

→ Congenital or developmental conditions

→ Nutritional deficiencies (Vitamin D – rickets)

→ Genetic factors

→ Bone growth abnormalities

→ Injury or infection affecting growth plates

→ Obesity

Symptoms

→ Visible deformity of legs

→ Abnormal gait pattern

→ Knee pain (in some cases)

→ Uneven weight distribution

→ Difficulty in walking or running

→ Joint stress over time

Diagnosis

→ Clinical examination by doctor

→ Postural assessment

→ X-ray of lower limbs

→ Measurement of alignment angles

→ Growth and developmental history

Treatment Management

→ Observation (in mild cases in children)

→ Physiotherapy (strengthening and posture correction)

→ Bracing (in growing children)

→ Nutritional correction (Vitamin D, calcium)

→ Weight management

→ Surgery (osteotomy in severe cases)