Bursitis

What is Bursitis?

→ Bursitis is the inflammation of a bursa, which is a small fluid-filled sac that cushions bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. It helps reduce friction during movement. When a bursa becomes irritated or inflamed, it leads to pain, swelling, and restricted movement in the affected joint, commonly in the shoulder, elbow, hip, or knee.

Causes

→ Repetitive movements or overuse of a joint

→ Injury or trauma to the joint

→ Prolonged pressure on a joint (e.g., kneeling, leaning on elbows)

→ Infection (septic bursitis)

→ Age-related wear and tear

→ Poor posture or improper body mechanics

→ Certain medical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or diabetes

Symptoms

→ Pain in the affected joint (sharp or aching)

→ Swelling and redness around the joint

→ Warmth over the affected area

→ Reduced range of motion

→ Increased pain with movement or pressure

→ Stiffness in the joint

→ Fever (in case of infection)

Diagnosis

→ Clinical examination by a doctor

→ Medical history and symptom review

→ Physical examination of the affected joint

→ Ultrasound or MRI (to detect inflammation)

→ X-ray (to rule out bone problems)

→ Fluid aspiration from the bursa (to check for infection or crystals)

Treatment Management

→ Rest and avoiding activities that worsen symptoms

→ Ice therapy to reduce swelling and pain

→ Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs)

→ Physiotherapy and stretching exercises

→ Use of protective padding or braces

→ Antibiotics (if infection is present)

→ Corticosteroid injections (in severe cases)

→ Drainage of fluid from the bursa if necessary

→ Surgery (rare, in chronic or severe cases)